Medical News

Modern medical news and scientific news about 
human use of cannabis and our cannabinoid system

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Solubility and Volatility - both play a part in a parameter called Bio-availability. 

Solubility is how well the drug dissolves in water.
Salts will have higher solubility than non-salts.

Volatility is how well a drug goes into the vapor phase.
Essentially, all salts will be non-volatile (i.e. cannot be vaporized).

Bio-availability is a measure of how well a drug gets absorbed by the body 
and varies by administrative route. 
Bio-availability can be measured in %'s which represent how much gets absorbed 
vs released/excreted. [Reddit User]

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5 Things to Know about Delta-8 Tetrahydrocannabinol – Delta-8 THC

"The natural amount of delta-8 THC in hemp is very low, and additional chemicals are needed to convert other cannabinoids in hemp, like CBD, into delta-8 THC"

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Q: What is HHC?

HHC is hexahydrocannabinol. 

Hexahydrocannabinol is a hydrogenated cannabinoid derivative of delta-8 or delta-9 THC.


Q: What is THC-O?

THC-O (THC-O acetate). 

This cannabinoid starts with raw, CBD-rich hemp. 
Once extracted, CBD gets converted into delta-8 THC and acetic anhydride is added to the delta-8. 
The result is THC-O acetate.
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Delta-10 is elusive; laboratories often misidentify the compound for CBC or CBL using standard High Performance Liquid Chromatography methods. Delta-10 THC will test positive as THC in urinalysis.

“I think Delta-10 is going to be insanely popular because it offers euphoria and increased focus, without the paranoia and anxiety some users report from Delta-9.”

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Biochemist Jim Bowie of the University of California, Los Angeles, described a process for turning sugar into CBD without the need for the reactions to occur inside a cell. His team managed to produce a precursor to the inactive forms of THC and CBD in commercially viable amounts, and the researchers are aiming to develop the approach through a start-up called Invizyne Technologies.

“Cells are a useful vehicle for producing that pathway, but we don’t want the cells,” says Bowie. “We want the damn pathway.”

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Director of the Centre of Superbug Solutions Associate Professor Mark Blaskovich said CBD - the main non-psychoactive component of cannabis - can penetrate and kill a wide range of bacteria including Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which causes gonorrhea.

“This is the first time CBD has been shown to kill some types of Gram-negative bacteria. These bacteria have an extra outer membrane, an additional line of defense that makes it harder for antibiotics to penetrate,”  Blaskovich said.

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 Aussie scientists produced CBD microcapsules, with the compound encapsulated in a gel. They gave the new capsules to mice combined with capsules of deoxycholic acid, which increases absorption in the body, and measured levels of CBD in their blood and brains after 20 minutes, one hour, and three hours. Compared with unencapsulated CBD oil, their new method increased the amount of CBD in blood by an average of 47 per cent, and in the brain by an average of 25 per cent.
Journal/conference: PLOS ONE
Link to research (DOI): 10.1371/journal.pone.0243858
Curtin University, The University of Newcastle, University of Otago
Funder: The study was financially supported by Zelira Therapeutics Ltd.


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CBD helps reduce lung damage from COVID by increasing levels of protective peptide



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Cannabis use is associated with reduced risk of exposure to fentanyl - among people on opioid agonist therapy, during a community-wide overdose crisis 


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“I think we are now at a junction where legislation will have to follow, and also regulation will have to follow, and make sure that they are not prosecuting people in cars that have just smoked CBD ... rather than THC” Study; “Effect of Cannabidiol and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol on Driving Performance: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published Dec. 1 in JAMA,


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The Long-Term, Prospective, Therapeutic Impact of Cannabis on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
    Above study provides evidence that: the types of cannabis available in recreational and medical cannabis dispensaries might hold promise as an alternative treatment for PTSD. Randomized placebo-controlled trials are needed to assess safety and determine how different preparations of cannabis impact PTSD and functioning.


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Endocannabinoids bind to receptors that are also the main target of THC, the most widely known active component of cannabis. Scientific evidence showed an absence of endocannabinoids in the hippocampus, a key brain region involved in the formation of memories and emotions, resulted in depressive-like behaviors. "Surprisingly, simply transferring the microbiota from an animal with mood disorders to an animal in good health was enough to bring about biochemical changes and confer depressive-like behaviors in the latter."



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"We found that pure CBD was as potent or more potent at reducing cancer cell viability as the most potent oil tested -- suggesting there is no “entourage” effect under these specific in vitro conditions [thereby disproving a theory that users must only consume full spectrum cannabis products to experience the beneficial effects of CBD]. 


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A study* conducted by Jean-Jaques Filippi, Marie Marchini, Céline Charvoz, Laurence Dujourdy and Nicolas Baldovini at the end of 2014 seems to have found the typical "hashish flavour" of many resin extracts made from dried and oxidized buds comes from the degradation of a single terpene, which creates an unusual and rare monoterpene (5,5-dimethyl-1-vinylbicyclo[2.1.1]hexane). 

The five researchers proposed a name for this particular monoterpene: 
Hashishene. 

While the rearrangement of myrcene and the formation of 5,5-dimethyl-1-vinylbicyclo[2.1.1]hexane was already investigated by Robert S. H. Liu and George S. Hammond in 1965 (US 3380903 A), this phenomenon had never been observed before in hashish samples.

*("Multidimensional analysis of cannabis volatile constituents: Identification of 5,5-dimethyl-1-vinylbicyclo[2.1.1]hexane as a volatile marker of hashish, the resin of Cannabis sativa L.")

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THCP, a cannabinoid recently discovered by Italian researchers, appears to have an affinity for CB1 receptors that is “more than thirty-fold higher” than that of THC. 


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17 OCTOBER 2018
What legal weed in Canada means for science
Opportunities abound to improve the cultivation of a once-forbidden plant.

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https://www.leafly.com/news/health <--Leafly: cannabis info collection


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